H.3.8. Natural Language Processing
Mohammad Hadi Goldani; Saeedeh Momtazi; Reza Safabakhsh
Abstract
The widespread use of web-based forums and social media has led to an increase in news consumption. To mitigate the impact of misinformation on users' health-related decisions, it is crucial to develop machine learning models that can automatically detect and combat fake news. In this paper, we propose ...
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The widespread use of web-based forums and social media has led to an increase in news consumption. To mitigate the impact of misinformation on users' health-related decisions, it is crucial to develop machine learning models that can automatically detect and combat fake news. In this paper, we propose a novel multilingual model with dynamic transformer model called Hybrid CapsNet for Covid-19 fake news detection in English and Persian languages. Our model incorporates two dynamic pre-trained representation models that incrementally uptrain and update the word embeddings in the training phase., dynamic RoBERTa for English and dynamic ParsBERT for Persian, and two parallel classifiers with new loss function namely margin loss. By utilizing dynamic transformer and both Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN) and Capsule Neural Networks (CapsNet), we achieve better performance than state-of-the-art baselines. To evaluate the proposed model, we use two recent Covid-19 datasets in English and Persian. Our results, in terms of F1-score, demonstrate the effectiveness of the Hybrid CapsNet model. Our model outperforms existing baselines, suggesting that it can be an effective tool for detecting and combating fake news related to Covid-19 in multiple languages. Overall, our study highlights the importance of developing effective machine learning models for combating misinformation during critical events such as the Covid-19 pandemic. The proposed model has the potential to be applied to other languages and domains and can be a valuable tool for protecting public health and safety.
H.3. Artificial Intelligence
Ali Rebwar Shabrandi; Ali Rajabzadeh Ghatari; Nader Tavakoli; Mohammad Dehghan Nayeri; Sahar Mirzaei
Abstract
To mitigate COVID-19’s overwhelming burden, a rapid and efficient early screening scheme for COVID-19 in the first-line is required. Much research has utilized laboratory tests, CT scans, and X-ray data, which are obstacles to agile and real-time screening. In this study, we propose a user-friendly ...
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To mitigate COVID-19’s overwhelming burden, a rapid and efficient early screening scheme for COVID-19 in the first-line is required. Much research has utilized laboratory tests, CT scans, and X-ray data, which are obstacles to agile and real-time screening. In this study, we propose a user-friendly and low-cost COVID-19 detection model based on self-reportable data at home. The most exhausted input features were identified and included in the demographic, symptoms, semi-clinical, and past/present disease data categories. We employed Grid search to identify the optimal combination of hyperparameter settings that yields the most accurate prediction. Next, we apply the proposed model with tuned hyperparameters to 11 classic state-of-the-art classifiers. The results show that the XGBoost classifier provides the highest accuracy of 73.3%, but statistical analysis shows that there is no significant difference between the accuracy performance of XGBoost and AdaBoost, although it proved the superiority of these two methods over other methods. Furthermore, the most important features obtained using SHapely Adaptive explanations were analyzed. “Contact with infected people,” “cough,” “muscle pain,” “fever,” “age,” “Cardiovascular commodities,” “PO2,” and “respiratory distress” are the most important variables. Among these variables, the first three have a relatively large positive impact on the target variable. Whereas, “age,” “PO2”, and “respiratory distress” are highly negatively correlated with the target variable. Finally, we built a clinically operable, visible, and easy-to-interpret decision tree model to predict COVID-19 infection.
F. Amiri; S. Abbasi; M. Babaie mohamadeh
Abstract
During the COVID-19 crisis, we face a wide range of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors on social media that play a significant role in spreading information regarding COVID-19. Trustful information, together with hopeful messages, could be used to control people's emotions and reactions during pandemics. ...
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During the COVID-19 crisis, we face a wide range of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors on social media that play a significant role in spreading information regarding COVID-19. Trustful information, together with hopeful messages, could be used to control people's emotions and reactions during pandemics. This study examines Iranian society's resilience in the face of the Corona crisis and provides a strategy to promote resilience in similar situations. It investigates posts and news related to the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran, to determine which messages and references have caused concern in the community, and how they could be modified? and also which references were the most trusted publishers? Social network analysis methods such as clustering have been used to analyze data. In the present work, we applied a two-stage clustering method constructed on the self-organizing map and K-means. Because of the importance of social trust in accepting messages, This work examines public trust in social posts. The results showed trust in the health-related posts was less than social-related and cultural-related posts. The trusted posts were shared on Instagram and news sites. Health and cultural posts with negative polarity affected people's trust and led to negative emotions such as fear, disgust, sadness, and anger. So, we suggest that non-political discourses be used to share topics in the field of health.
