H.3. Artificial Intelligence
M. Kurmanji; F. Ghaderi
Abstract
Despite considerable enhances in recognizing hand gestures from still images, there are still many challenges in the classification of hand gestures in videos. The latter comes with more challenges, including higher computational complexity and arduous task of representing temporal features. Hand movement ...
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Despite considerable enhances in recognizing hand gestures from still images, there are still many challenges in the classification of hand gestures in videos. The latter comes with more challenges, including higher computational complexity and arduous task of representing temporal features. Hand movement dynamics, represented by temporal features, have to be extracted by analyzing the total frames of a video. So far, both 2D and 3D convolutional neural networks have been used to manipulate the temporal dynamics of the video frames. 3D CNNs can extract the changes in the consecutive frames and tend to be more suitable for the video classification task, however, they usually need more time. On the other hand, by using techniques like tiling it is possible to aggregate all the frames in a single matrix and preserve the temporal and spatial features. This way, using 2D CNNs, which are inherently simpler than 3D CNNs can be used to classify the video instances. In this paper, we compared the application of 2D and 3D CNNs for representing temporal features and classifying hand gesture sequences. Additionally, providing a two-stage two-stream architecture, we efficiently combined color and depth modalities and 2D and 3D CNN predictions. The effect of different types of augmentation techniques is also investigated. Our results confirm that appropriate usage of 2D CNNs outperforms a 3D CNN implementation in this task.
H.3. Artificial Intelligence
S. Adeli; P. Moradi
Abstract
Since, most of the organizations present their services electronically, the number of functionally-equivalent web services is increasing as well as the number of users that employ those web services. Consequently, plenty of information is generated by the users and the web services that lead to the users ...
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Since, most of the organizations present their services electronically, the number of functionally-equivalent web services is increasing as well as the number of users that employ those web services. Consequently, plenty of information is generated by the users and the web services that lead to the users be in trouble in finding their appropriate web services. Therefore, it is required to provide a recommendation method for predicting the quality of web services (QoS) and recommending web services. Most of the existing collaborative filtering approaches don’t operate efficiently in recommending web services due to ignoring some effective factors such as dependency among users/web services, the popularity of users/web services, and the location of web services/users. In this paper, a web service recommendation method called Popular-Dependent Collaborative Filtering (PDCF) is proposed. The proposed method handles QoS differences experienced by the users as well as the dependency among users on a specific web service using the user/web service dependency factor. Additionally, the user/web service popularity factor is considered in the PDCF that significantly enhances its effectiveness. We also proposed a location-aware method called LPDCF which considers the location of web services into the recommendation process of the PDCF. A set of experiments is conducted to evaluate the performance of the PDCF and investigating the impression of the matrix factorization model on the efficiency of the PDCF with two real-world datasets. The results indicate that the PDCF outperforms other competing methods in most cases.
H.3. Artificial Intelligence
A. Moradi; A. Abdi Seyedkolaei; Seyed A. Hosseini
Abstract
Software defined network is a new computer network architecture who separates controller and data layer in network devices such as switches and routers. By the emerge of software defined networks, a class of location problems, called controller placement problem, has attracted much more research attention. ...
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Software defined network is a new computer network architecture who separates controller and data layer in network devices such as switches and routers. By the emerge of software defined networks, a class of location problems, called controller placement problem, has attracted much more research attention. The task in the problem is to simultaneously find optimal number and location of controllers satisfying a set of routing and capacity constraints. In this paper, we suggest an effective solution method based on the so-called Iterated Local Search (ILS) strategy. We then, compare our method to an existing standard mathematical programming solver on an extensive set of problem instances. It turns out that our suggested method is computationally much more effective and efficient over middle to large instances of the problem.
H.3. Artificial Intelligence
S. Roohollahi; A. Khatibi Bardsiri; F. Keynia
Abstract
Social networks are streaming, diverse and include a wide range of edges so that continuously evolves over time and formed by the activities among users (such as tweets, emails, etc.), where each activity among its users, adds an edge to the network graph. Despite their popularities, the dynamicity and ...
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Social networks are streaming, diverse and include a wide range of edges so that continuously evolves over time and formed by the activities among users (such as tweets, emails, etc.), where each activity among its users, adds an edge to the network graph. Despite their popularities, the dynamicity and large size of most social networks make it difficult or impossible to study the entire network. This paper proposes a sampling algorithm that equipped with an evaluator unit for analyzing the edges and a set of simple fixed structure learning automata. Evaluator unit evaluates each edge and then decides whether edge and corresponding node should be added to the sample set. In The proposed algorithm, each main activity graph node is equipped with a simple learning automaton. The proposed algorithm is compared with the best current sampling algorithm that was reported in the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (KS) and normalized L1 and L2 distances in real networks and synthetic networks presented as a sequence of edges. Experimental results show the superiority of the proposed algorithm.
H.3. Artificial Intelligence
A.R. Hatamlou; M. Deljavan
Abstract
Gold price forecast is of great importance. Many models were presented by researchers to forecast gold price. It seems that although different models could forecast gold price under different conditions, the new factors affecting gold price forecast have a significant importance and effect on the increase ...
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Gold price forecast is of great importance. Many models were presented by researchers to forecast gold price. It seems that although different models could forecast gold price under different conditions, the new factors affecting gold price forecast have a significant importance and effect on the increase of forecast accuracy. In this paper, different factors were studied in comparison to the previous studies on gold price forecast. In terms of time span, the collected data were divided into three groups of daily, monthly and annually. The conducted tests using new factors indicate accuracy improvement up to 2% in neural networks methods, 7/3% in time series method and 5/6% in linear regression method.
H.3. Artificial Intelligence
Z. Karimi Zandian; M. R. Keyvanpour
Abstract
Fraud detection is one of the ways to cope with damages associated with fraudulent activities that have become common due to the rapid development of the Internet and electronic business. There is a need to propose methods to detect fraud accurately and fast. To achieve to accuracy, fraud detection methods ...
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Fraud detection is one of the ways to cope with damages associated with fraudulent activities that have become common due to the rapid development of the Internet and electronic business. There is a need to propose methods to detect fraud accurately and fast. To achieve to accuracy, fraud detection methods need to consider both kind of features, features based on user level and features based on network level. In this paper a method called MEFUASN is proposed to extract features that is based on social network analysis and then both of obtained features and features based on user level are combined together and used to detect fraud using semi-supervised learning. Evaluation results show using the proposed feature extraction as a pre-processing step in fraud detection improves the accuracy of detection remarkably while it controls runtime in comparison with other methods.
H.3. Artificial Intelligence
M. Moradi Zirkohi
Abstract
In this paper, a high-performance optimal fractional emotional intelligent controller for an Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) in power system using Cuckoo optimization algorithm (COA) is proposed. AVR is the main controller within the excitation system that preserves the terminal voltage of a synchronous ...
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In this paper, a high-performance optimal fractional emotional intelligent controller for an Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) in power system using Cuckoo optimization algorithm (COA) is proposed. AVR is the main controller within the excitation system that preserves the terminal voltage of a synchronous generator at a specified level. The proposed control strategy is based on brain emotional learning, which is a self-tuning controller so-called brain emotional learning based intelligent controller (BELBIC) and is based on sensory inputs and emotional cues. The major contribution of the paper is that to use the merits of fractional order PID (FOPID) controllers, a FOPID controller is employed to formulate stimulant input (SI) signal. This is a distinct advantage over published papers in the literature that a PID controller used to generate SI. Furthermore, another remarkable feature of the proposed approach is that it is a model-free controller. The proposed control strategy can be a promising controller in terms of simplicity of design, ease of implementation and less time-consuming. In addition, in order to enhance the performance of the proposed controller, its parameters are tuned by COA. In order to design BELBIC controller for AVR system a multi-objective optimization problem including overshoot, settling time, rise time and steady-state error is formulated. Simulation studies confirm that the proposed controller compared to classical PID and FOPID controllers introduced in the literature shows superior performance regarding model uncertainties. Having applied the proposed controller, the rise time and settling time are improved 47% and 57%, respectively.
H.3. Artificial Intelligence
R. Yarinezhad; A. Sarabi
Abstract
Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are a particular type of Mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) in which the vehicles are considered as nodes. Due to rapid topology changing and frequent disconnection makes it difficult to design an efficient routing protocol for routing data among vehicles. In this paper, ...
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Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are a particular type of Mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) in which the vehicles are considered as nodes. Due to rapid topology changing and frequent disconnection makes it difficult to design an efficient routing protocol for routing data among vehicles. In this paper, a new routing protocol based on glowworm swarm optimization algorithm is provided. Using the glowworm algorithm the proposed protocol detects the optimal route between three-way and intersections. Then, the packets are delivered based on the selected routes. The proposed algorithm by using the glowworm swarm optimization algorithm, which is a distributed heuristic algorithm, assigns a value to each route from a source to the destination. Then a route with the higher value is selected to send messages from the source to the destination. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has a better performance than the similar algorithms.
H.3. Artificial Intelligence
N. Emami; A. Pakzad
Abstract
Breast cancer has become a widespread disease around the world in young women. Expert systems, developed by data mining techniques, are valuable tools in diagnosis of breast cancer and can help physicians for decision making process. This paper presents a new hybrid data mining approach to classify two ...
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Breast cancer has become a widespread disease around the world in young women. Expert systems, developed by data mining techniques, are valuable tools in diagnosis of breast cancer and can help physicians for decision making process. This paper presents a new hybrid data mining approach to classify two groups of breast cancer patients (malignant and benign). The proposed approach, AP-AMBFA, consists of two phases. In the first phase, the Affinity Propagation (AP) clustering method is used as instances reduction technique which can find noisy instance and eliminate them. In the second phase, feature selection and classification are conducted by the Adaptive Modified Binary Firefly Algorithm (AMBFA) for selection of the most related predictor variables to target variable and Support Vectors Machine (SVM) technique as classifier. It can reduce the computational complexity and speed up the data mining process. Experimental results on Wisconsin Diagnostic Breast Cancer (WDBC) datasets show higher predictive accuracy. The obtained classification accuracy is 98.606%, a very promising result compared to the current state-of-the-art classification techniques applied to the same database. Hence this method will help physicians in more accurate diagnosis of breast cancer.
H.3. Artificial Intelligence
Z. Sedighi; R. Boostani
Abstract
Although many studies have been conducted to improve the clustering efficiency, most of the state-of-art schemes suffer from the lack of robustness and stability. This paper is aimed at proposing an efficient approach to elicit prior knowledge in terms of must-link and cannot-link from the estimated ...
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Although many studies have been conducted to improve the clustering efficiency, most of the state-of-art schemes suffer from the lack of robustness and stability. This paper is aimed at proposing an efficient approach to elicit prior knowledge in terms of must-link and cannot-link from the estimated distribution of raw data in order to convert a blind clustering problem into a semi-supervised one. To estimate the density distribution of data, Wiebull Mixture Model (WMM) is utilized due to its high flexibility. Another contribution of this study is to propose a new hill and valley seeking algorithm to find the constraints for semi-supervise algorithm. It is assumed that each density peak stands on a cluster center; therefore, neighbor samples of each center are considered as must-link samples while the near centroid samples belonging to different clusters are considered as cannot-link ones. The proposed approach is applied to a standard image dataset (designed for clustering evaluation) along with some UCI datasets. The achieved results on both databases demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method compared to the conventional clustering methods.
H.3. Artificial Intelligence
F. Barani; H. Nezamabadi-pour
Abstract
Artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is a swarm intelligence optimization algorithm inspired by the intelligent behavior of honey bees when searching for food sources. The various versions of the ABC algorithm have been widely used to solve continuous and discrete optimization problems in different ...
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Artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is a swarm intelligence optimization algorithm inspired by the intelligent behavior of honey bees when searching for food sources. The various versions of the ABC algorithm have been widely used to solve continuous and discrete optimization problems in different fields. In this paper a new binary version of the ABC algorithm inspired by quantum computing, called binary quantum-inspired artificial bee colony algorithm (BQIABC), is proposed. The BQIABC combines the main structure of ABC with the concepts and principles of quantum computing such as, quantum bit, quantum superposition state and rotation Q-gates strategy to make an algorithm with more exploration ability. The proposed algorithm due to its higher exploration ability can provide a robust tool to solve binary optimization problems. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, several experiments are conducted on the 0/1 knapsack problem, Max-Ones and Royal-Road functions. The results produced by BQIABC are compared with those of ten state-of-the-art binary optimization algorithms. Comparisons show that BQIABC presents the better results than or similar to other algorithms. The proposed algorithm can be regarded as a promising algorithm to solve binary optimization problems.
H.3. Artificial Intelligence
Seyed M. H. Hasheminejad; Z. Salimi
Abstract
One of the recent strategies for increasing the customer’s loyalty in banking industry is the use of customers’ club system. In this system, customers receive scores on the basis of financial and club activities they are performing, and due to the achieved points, they get credits from the ...
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One of the recent strategies for increasing the customer’s loyalty in banking industry is the use of customers’ club system. In this system, customers receive scores on the basis of financial and club activities they are performing, and due to the achieved points, they get credits from the bank. In addition, by the advent of new technologies, fraud is growing in banking domain as well. Therefore, given the importance of financial activities in the customers’ club system, providing an efficient and applicable method for detecting fraud is highly important in these types of systems. In this paper, we propose a novel sliding time and scores window-based method, called FDiBC (Fraud Detection in Bank Club), to detect fraud in bank club. In FDiBC, firstly, based on each score obtained by customer members of bank club, 14 features are derived, then, based on all the scores of each customer member, five sliding time and scores window-based feature vectors are proposed. For generating training and test data set from the obtained scores of fraudster and common customers in the customers’ club system of a bank, a positive and a negative label are used, respectively. After generating training data set, learning is performed through two approaches: 1) clustering and binary classification with OCSVM method for positive data, i.e. fraudster customers, and 2) multi-class classification including SVM, C4.5, KNN, and Naïve Bayes methods. The results reveal that FDiBC has the ability to detect fraud with 78% accuracy and thus can be used in practice.
H.3. Artificial Intelligence
T. Zare; M. T. Sadeghi; H. R. Abutalebi; J. Kittler
Abstract
Machine-learning solutions to classification, clustering and matching problems critically depend on the adopted metric, which in the past was selected heuristically. In the last decade, it has been demonstrated that an appropriate metric can be learnt from data, resulting in superior performance as compared ...
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Machine-learning solutions to classification, clustering and matching problems critically depend on the adopted metric, which in the past was selected heuristically. In the last decade, it has been demonstrated that an appropriate metric can be learnt from data, resulting in superior performance as compared with traditional metrics. This has recently stimulated a considerable interest in the topic of metric learning, especially using kernel functions, which map data to feature spaces with enhanced class separability, and implicitly define a new metric in the original feature space. The formulation of the problem of metric learning depends on the supervisory information available for the task. In this paper, we focus on semi-supervised kernel based distance metric learning where the training data set is unlabelled, with the exception of a small subset of pairs of points labelled as belonging to the same class (cluster) or different classes (clusters). The proposed method involves creating a pool of kernel functions. The corresponding kernels matrices are first clustered to remove redundancy in representation. A composite kernel constructed from the kernel clustering result is then expanded into an orthogonal set of basis functions. The mixing parameters of this expansion are then optimised using point similarity and dissimilarity information conveyed by the labels. The proposed method is evaluated on synthetic and real data sets. The results show the merit of using similarity and dissimilarity information jointly as compared to using just the similarity information, and the superiority of the proposed method over all the recently introduced metric learning approaches.
H.3. Artificial Intelligence
V. Ghasemi; A. Pouyan; M. Sharifi
Abstract
This paper proposes a scheme for activity recognition in sensor based smart homes using Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence. In this work, opinion owners and their belief masses are constructed from sensors and employed in a single-layered inference architecture. The belief masses are calculated using ...
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This paper proposes a scheme for activity recognition in sensor based smart homes using Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence. In this work, opinion owners and their belief masses are constructed from sensors and employed in a single-layered inference architecture. The belief masses are calculated using beta probability distribution function. The frames of opinion owners are derived automatically for activities, to achieve more flexibility and extensibility. Our method is verified via two experiments. In the first experiment, it is compared to a naïve Bayes approach and three ontology based methods. In this experiment our method outperforms the naïve Bayes classifier, having 88.9% accuracy. However, it is comparable and similar to the ontology based schemes, but since no manual ontology definition is needed, our method is more flexible and extensible than the previous ones. In the second experiment, a larger dataset is used and our method is compared to three approaches which are based on naïve Bayes classifiers, hidden Markov models, and hidden semi Markov models. Three features are extracted from sensors’ data and incorporated in the benchmark methods, making nine implementations. In this experiment our method shows an accuracy of 94.2% that in most of the cases outperforms the benchmark methods, or is comparable to them.
H.3. Artificial Intelligence
F. Fadaei Noghani; M. Moattar
Abstract
Due to the rise of technology, the possibility of fraud in different areas such as banking has been increased. Credit card fraud is a crucial problem in banking and its danger is over increasing. This paper proposes an advanced data mining method, considering both feature selection and decision cost ...
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Due to the rise of technology, the possibility of fraud in different areas such as banking has been increased. Credit card fraud is a crucial problem in banking and its danger is over increasing. This paper proposes an advanced data mining method, considering both feature selection and decision cost for accuracy enhancement of credit card fraud detection. After selecting the best and most effective features, using an extended wrapper method, ensemble classification is performed. The extended feature selection approach includes a prior feature filtering and a wrapper approach using C4.5 decision tree. Ensemble classification, using cost sensitive decision trees is performed in a decision forest framework. A locally gathered fraud detection dataset is used to estimate the proposed method. The proposed method is assessed using accuracy, recall, and F-measure as evaluation metrics and compared with basic classification algorithms including ID3, J48, Naïve Bayes, Bayesian Network and NB tree. Experiments show that considering the F-measure as evaluation metric, the proposed approach yields 1.8 to 2.4 percent performance improvement compared to other classifiers.
H.3. Artificial Intelligence
M. Heidarian; H. Jalalifar; F. Rafati
Abstract
Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and internal friction coefficient (µ) are the most important strength parameters of rock. They could be determined either by laboratory tests or from empirical correlations. The laboratory analysis sometimes is not possible for many reasons. On the other hand, ...
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Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and internal friction coefficient (µ) are the most important strength parameters of rock. They could be determined either by laboratory tests or from empirical correlations. The laboratory analysis sometimes is not possible for many reasons. On the other hand, Due to changes in rock compositions and properties, none of the correlations could be applied as an exact universal correlation. In such conditions, the artificial intelligence could be an appropriate candidate method for estimation of the strength parameters. In this study, the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) which is one of the artificial intelligence techniques was used as dominant tool to predict the strength parameters in one of the Iranian southwest oil fields. A total of 655 data sets (including depth, compressional wave velocity and density data) were used. 436 and 219 data sets were randomly selected among the data for constructing and verification of the intelligent model, respectively. To evaluate the performance of the model, root mean square error (RMSE) and correlation coefficient (R2) between the reported values from the drilling site and estimated values was computed. A comparison between the RMSE of the proposed model and recently intelligent models shows that the proposed model is more accurate than others. Acceptable accuracy and using conventional well logging data are the highlight advantages of the proposed intelligent model.
H.3. Artificial Intelligence
M. Vahedi; M. Hadad Zarif; A. Akbarzadeh Kalat
Abstract
This paper presents an indirect adaptive system based on neuro-fuzzy approximators for the speed control of induction motors. The uncertainty including parametric variations, the external load disturbance and unmodeled dynamics is estimated and compensated by designing neuro-fuzzy systems. The contribution ...
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This paper presents an indirect adaptive system based on neuro-fuzzy approximators for the speed control of induction motors. The uncertainty including parametric variations, the external load disturbance and unmodeled dynamics is estimated and compensated by designing neuro-fuzzy systems. The contribution of this paper is presenting a stability analysis for neuro-fuzzy speed control of induction motors. The online training of the neuro-fuzzy systems is based on the Lyapunov stability analysis and the reconstruction errors of the neuro-fuzzy systems are compensated in order to guarantee the asymptotic convergence of the speed tracking error. Moreover, to improve the control system performance and reduce the chattering, a PI structure is used to produce the input of the neuro-fuzzy systems. Finally, simulation results verify high performance characteristics and robustness of the proposed control system against plant parameter variation, external load and input voltage disturbance.
H.3. Artificial Intelligence
Y. Vaghei; A. Farshidianfar
Abstract
In recent years, underactuated nonlinear dynamic systems trajectory tracking, such as space robots and manipulators with structural flexibility, has become a major field of interest due to the complexity and high computational load of these systems. Hierarchical sliding mode control has been investigated ...
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In recent years, underactuated nonlinear dynamic systems trajectory tracking, such as space robots and manipulators with structural flexibility, has become a major field of interest due to the complexity and high computational load of these systems. Hierarchical sliding mode control has been investigated recently for these systems; however, the instability phenomena will possibly occur, especially for long-term operations. In this paper, a new design approach of an adaptive fuzzy hierarchical terminal sliding-mode controller (AFHTSMC) is proposed. The sliding surfaces of the subsystems construct the hierarchical structure of the proposed method; in which the top layer includes all of the subsystems’ sliding surfaces. Moreover, terminal sliding mode has been implemented in each layer to ensure the error convergence to zero in finite time besides chattering reduction. In addition, online fuzzy models are employed to approximate the two nonlinear dynamic system’s functions. Finally, a simulation example of an inverted pendulum is proposed to confirm the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed controller.
H.3. Artificial Intelligence
H. Motameni
Abstract
This paper proposes a method to solve multi-objective problems using improved Particle Swarm Optimization. We propose leader particles which guide other particles inside the problem domain. Two techniques are suggested for selection and deletion of such particles to improve the optimal solutions. The ...
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This paper proposes a method to solve multi-objective problems using improved Particle Swarm Optimization. We propose leader particles which guide other particles inside the problem domain. Two techniques are suggested for selection and deletion of such particles to improve the optimal solutions. The first one is based on the mean of the m optimal particles and the second one is based on appointing a leader particle for any n founded particles. We used an intensity criterion to delete the particles in both techniques. The proposed techniques were evaluated based on three standard tests in multi-objective evolutionary optimization problems. The evaluation criterion in this paper is the number of particles in the optimal-Pareto set, error, and uniformity. The results show that the proposed method searches more number of optimal particles with higher intensity and less error in comparison with basic MOPSO and SIGMA and CMPSO and NSGA-II and microGA and PAES and can be used as proper techniques to solve multi-objective optimization problems.